How to Built Exascale Tech

How to Build Exascale Technology- a blog that discusses the technological advances being made to achieve exascale computing power.

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Introduction

The ExaScale Computing Project is a federal research and development initiative launched in 2010 to deliver an ExaScale system by 2021, capable of at least a quintillion (1018) calculations per second. To achieve this, the project is bringing together the best of US industry, academia, and government to enable technology development across a wide range of system components including: accelerators, memory and storage systems, network systems, software development tools, and programming environments.

What is Exascale Computing?

Exascale computing is a technology that enables computers to perform at least one exaflop, which is a billion billion calculations per second. This type of computing is needed for very complex tasks such as climate modeling, financial analysis and large-scale simulations.

Exascale computing is still in its early developmental stages. Currently, the fastest supercomputer in the world is the Sunway TaihuLight, which is capable of performing 93 petaflops, or quadrillions of calculations per second. In order to reach exascale speeds, computer manufacturers will need to develop new technologies and architectures.

Some of the challenges associated with exascale computing include power consumption, data storage and managing the immense amount of data that will be generated by these computers. Another challenge is developing algorithms that can take advantage of the massive parallelism of these systems.

Exascale computing is expected to have a significant impact on many industries and scientific disciplines. It has the potential to enable new discoveries in areas such as medicine, energy and materials science. Exascale computing could also lead to major advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning.

The Need for Exascale Computing

The world’s appetite for data and computation is insatiable and growing exponentially. To stay ahead of the curve, the world’s leading supercomputing organizations are planning for exascale computing—systems capable of a billion-billion calculations per second, or one exaflop. This is approximately 10 times faster than the current fastest system in the world, China’s Tianhe-2, which clocks in at around 33 petaflops, or a quadrillion calculations per second.

While the journey to exascale is well underway, there are still many challenges to be addressed before these systems can be realized. Technological challenges include developing energy-efficient processors and memories, as well as novel interconnects that can move data quickly between these components. In addition, new software will be needed to program these massively parallel systems effectively.

It is clear that the development of exascale systems is essential to maintaining our position at the forefront of computational science and engineering. Exascale computing will enable researchers to tackle grand challenge scientific problems that are currently beyond our reach, such as understanding the origins of the universe, developing personalized medicine, or designing more efficient energy sources.

In order for the united states to remain a leader in high performance computing (HPC), it is essential that we continue to invest in exascale research and development. The Department of Energy’s Office of Science is spearheading this effort with a robust exascale initiative that includes multiple programs and partnerships with industry and academia.

The Path to Exascale Computing

The computing power of exascale computers will be a necessity to solve some of the world’s most pressing challenges, such as understanding climate change, developing new energy sources and improving healthcare.

The path to exascale is being paved by significant advancements in computer hardware and software, as well as by new application areas that will require the use of these powerful machines. In order to achieve exascale computing, hardware development needs to focus on increasing processor speed, memory capacity and storage density, while also reducing power consumption. Software development must enable more efficient use of resources and better communication among processors.

Application areas that are expected to drive the need for exascale computing include big data analytics, artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicles, climate modeling and digital manufacturing. As these applications become more prevalent, the demand for exascale computing will continue to grow.

The first exascale system is expected to be operational by 2020.

The Exascale Computing Initiative (ECI)

The ECI was launched in 2016 as a public–private partnership with the singular focus of enabling U.S. industry and academia to deliver on the promise of exascale computing for national security and economic competitiveness.

At its core, ECI is a consortium of more than 100 companies, national laboratories, and universities driven by a common vision: to ensure continued U.S. leadership in high-performance computing (HPC) by developing the technologies needed to deploy an exascale computing ecosystem.

The ECI portfolio includes nine technology areas essential to enabling a capable exascale ecosystem: system software,node hardware, networks, I/O and storage, resilience, programming models and runtimes, algorithms and applications, math libraries, and energy efficiency.

The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Exascale Computing Project (ECP)

The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Exascale Computing Project (ECP) is responsible for delivering a capable exascale computing ecosystem, including applications, software technology, hardware technology, and integrated system technology that together meet the needs of the Department’s mission partners.

The European Union’s ExaNeSt Project

The European Union has launched the ExaNeSt (Exascale Sustainable Computing Systems) project, with the goal of developing technologies that would enable it to deploy an exascale computer by 2023. The project is being led by ATOS, a French company that specializes in high-performance computing (HPC).

The project will research and develop technologies in three key areas: system software, hardware, and applications. In system software, the team will focus on developing a new operating system and compiler that can take advantage of the unique architecture of an exascale computer. In hardware, the focus will be on developing new packaging techniques and interconnects that can improve performance and power efficiency. And in applications, the team will work on optimizing existing codes as well as developing new ones that can take full advantage of an exascale machine.

If successful, the ExaNeSt project could be a major step forward for the European Union in its quest to catch up to the United States and China in HPC.

The China Exascale Computing Pilot Project

The China Exascale Computing Pilot Project (CECP) is a key project to speed up the development of Exascale Computing in China, which was included in China’s medium- and longer-term national science and technology development plan (2006-2020). The project will be jointly undertaken by National Defense Science and Technology Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Natural Science Foundation of China.

The CECP aims at developing a family of prototype systems that can achieve the computing power in Exaflops level and meet the requirements for various scientific and engineering applications. The project will also lay a solid foundation for building an exascale supercomputing system within 10 years.

The Japanese Post-K Computer

The Japanese Post-K Computer is the world’s most powerful supercomputer. It is located at the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS) in Kobe, Japan. The Post-K Computer is a massively parallel processing system with a calculating power of 130 petaflops. It has a peak performance of 2560 teraflops per second and uses a Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC) technology. The HMC is a high-speed, high-bandwidth memory technology that allows the Post-K Computer to achieve its high performance.

The Russian Lomonosov-2 Supercomputer

The Lomonosov-2 supercomputer, housed at Moscow State University, is the most powerful computer in Russia. It is also one of the most powerful computers in the world, ranked at number four on the TOP500 list of the most powerful supercomputers. The Lomonosov-2 has a peak performance of 7.1 petaflops, meaning it can perform 7.1 quadrillion floating point operations per second. It was built by a team of Russian scientists and engineers, and is named after Mikhail Lomonosov, a famous Russian scientist from the 18th century.

The Lomonosov-2 is used for a variety of scientific research projects, including astrophysics, climate modeling, and nuclear fusion. It has also been used to create virtual models of the human brain and to simulate the effects of nuclear explosions. The supercomputer is powered by a combination of IBM Power9 CPUs and Nvidia Volta GPUs, and it runs a variant of the Linux operating system.

The US Intel Knights Landing Processor

The US Intel Knights Landing Processor is the first of its kind and is set to revolutionize how we think about computing. This new class of processor is designed specifically for exascale computing and offers unprecedented performance and power efficiency. In this article, we’ll take a look at the US Intel Knights Landing Processor and how it can help you build exascale technology.

The IBM Power9 Processor

The IBM Power9 processor is the latest generation of IBM POWER processors. It is designed to meet the needs of the most demanding workloads, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, high-performance computing, and cloud computing.

The Power9 processor is built with a number of features that make it well-suited for these workloads, including:

-A large number of CPU cores: The Power9 processor has up to 24 CPU cores, making it one of the most powerful processors available.

-High memory bandwidth: The Power9 processor has a high-bandwidth memory interface that allows it to access large amounts of data quickly.

-Support for simultaneous multithreading: The Power9 processor supports simultaneous multithreading (SMT), which allows each CPU core to process multiple threads simultaneously. This makes the processor more efficient at handling demanding workloads.

-Energy-efficient design: The Power9 processor is designed to be energy efficient, which helps reduce operating costs.

Conclusion

As technology advances, the ability to process and store ever-increasing amounts of data is becoming increasingly important. The goal of exascale computing is to provide the computing power necessary to handle data sets of this size and complexity.

There are many challenges associated with building exascale tech, but there are also many potential benefits. Exascale computing could lead to breakthroughs in a wide variety of fields, including medicine, finance, weather forecasting, and astrophysics.

Despite the challenges, considerable progress has been made in recent years towards the development of exascale tech. In 2018, the world’s first exascale supercomputer was unveiled in China. This machine is capable of performing a staggering 10^18 operations per second and is currently the fastest computer in the world.

It is hoped that continued progress in this area will lead to even more powerful machines in the future that can provide even greater insights into the workings of our universe.